1.保险.Insurance

f.p.a. stands for "free from particular average".
fpa代表平安险。
w.p.a. stands for "with particular average".
wpa代表水渍险。
i'll have the goods covered against free from particular average.
我将为货物投保平安险。
i know that f.p.a insurance doesn't cover losses on consumer goods.
我知道平安险不包括消费品的种种损失。
i don't think that the w.p.a insurance covers more risks than the f.p.a..
我认为水渍险承保的范围并不比平安险的范围宽。
free from particular average is good enough.
只保平安险就可以了。
the goods are to be insured f.p.a.
这批货需投保平安险。
what you've covered is leakage.
你所投保的是渗漏险。
why don't you wish to cover risk of breakage?
您为什么不想投保破碎险呢？
w.p.a coverage is too narrow for a shipment of this nature, please extend the coverage to include tpnd.
针对这种性质的货物只保水渍险是不够的，请加保偷盗提货不成险。
don't you wish to arrange for w.p.a. and additional coverage against risk of breakage?
您不想保水渍险和附加破碎险吗？
not every breakage is a particular average.
并不是所有的破碎险都属于单独海损。
the coverage is w.p.a. plus risk of breakage.
投保的险别为水渍险加破碎险。
well, obviously you won't want all risks cover.
显然，你不想保综合险。
an all risks policy covers every sort of hazard, doesn't it?
一份综合险保单保所有的险，是吗？
we'd like? to cover the porcelain ware against all risks.
我们想为这批瓷器投保综合险。
please insure the shipment for rmb5,000 against all risks.
请将这批货物投保综合险人民币5000元。
we've cover insurance on these goods for 10% above the invoice value against all risks.
我们已经将这些货物按发票金额加百分之十投保综合险。
an f.p.a. policy only covers you against total loss in the case of minor perils.
平安险只有在发生较小危险时才给保全部损失险。
the f.p.a. doesn't cover partial loss of the nature of particular average.
平安险不包括单独海损性质的部分损失。
a w.p.a. or w.a. policy covers you against partial loss in all cases.
水渍险在任何情况下都给保部分损失险。
you'll cover srcc risks, won't you?
你们要保罢工、暴动、民变险，是吗？
as our usual practice, insurance covers basic risks only, at 110 percent of the invoice value. if coverage against other risks is required, such as breakage, leakage, tpnd, hook and contamination damages, the extra premium involved would be for the buyer's account.
按照我们的惯例，只保基本险，按发票金额110%投保。如果要加保其它险别，例如破碎险、渗漏险、盗窃遗失险、钩损和污染险等，额外保险费由买方负担。

words and phrases

insurance free of (from) particular average (fpa). 平安险（单独海损不赔）
insurance with particular average (wpa), basic risks. insurance against all risks. 综合险，应保一切险
risk of breakage 破碎险
risk of clashing 碰损险
risk of rust 生锈险
risk of hook damage 钩损险
risk of contamination (tainting) 污染险
insurance against total loss only (tlo) 全损险
risk of deterioration 变质险
risk of packing breakage 包装破裂险
risk of inherent vice 内在缺陷险
risk of normal loss (natural loss)? 途耗或自然损耗险
risk of spontaneous combustion 自然险
risk of contingent import duty 进口关税险
insurance against war risk 战争险
air transportation cargo war risk 航空运输战争险
overland transportation insurance war risk 陆上运输战争险
insurance against strike, riot and civil commotion (srcc) 罢工，暴动，民变险
insurance against extraneous risks, insurance against additional risks 附加险
risk of theft, pilferage and nondelivery (trnd) 盗窃提货不着险
risk of fresh and/of rain water damage(wetting) 淡水雨淋险
risk of leakage 渗漏险
risk of shortage in weight/quantity 短量险
risk of sweating and/or heating 受潮受热险
risk of bad odour(change of flavour) 恶味险，变味险
risk of mould 发霉险
on deck risk 舱面险

please tell me whether i need to purchase a foreign student policy.
告诉我是否我需要购买外国学生保险。
i'd like to know whether basic health insurance coverage should include benefits for outpatient, hospital, surgery and medical expenses.
我想知道基本健康保险所列的项目是否应包括医院门诊，住院，手术及药品等费用的赔偿。
will you please tell me where i can purchase health insurance?
请告诉我在何处能买到健康保险？
health insurance is merely a mean by which people pool money to guard against the sudden economic consequences of sickness or injury.
健康保险就是筹集一些钱以预防疾病或受伤而突然发生的经济困难。
"major medical" insurance policies are designed to help offset heavy medical expenses that can result from a prolonged illness or serious injury.
“巨额医药费保险”旨在协助减轻久病及重伤所造成的重大医药开支。
if the benefits provided under a certain policy have a dollar limitation for each service, you should determine whether these limitations are realistic.
如果某一家保险公司的健康保险对每种服务定有赔偿限额，你应断定这些限额是否合乎实际。

words and phrases

health insurance 疾病保险，健康保险
sickness insurance 疾病保险
insurance for medical care 医疗保险
"major medical" insurance policy 巨额医药费保险
insurance during a period of illness 疾病保险
life insurance 人寿保险
endowment insurance 养老保险
insurance on last survivor 长寿保险
to purchase health insurance 购买健康保险
to have a health insurance policy 购买健康保险
additional words and phrases
policy-holder 保险客户
extra premium 额外保险费
additional premium 附加保险费
insurance law 保险法
insurance act 保险条例
insurance industry? 保险业
insurance division 保险部
insurance treaty 保险合同
cover note 保险证明书
guarantee of insurance 保险担保书
premium rebate 保险费回扣
insurance claim 保险索赔
ceding, retrocession(for reinsurance) 分保
reinsurance 分保（再保险）
ceding(insurance)company 分保公司
co-insurance company 共同保险公司
insurance document 保险单据
certificate of insurance 保险凭证
increasing coverage, extending coverage 加保
renewing coverage 续保
insurance commission 保险佣金
social insurance 社会保险
personal property insurance 个人财产保险
insurance of contents 家庭财产保险

货运用语中英文对照 
货物 goods | | freight | | cargo

运输 transportation | | transit | | conveyance

运送 to transport | | to carry | | to convey

运输业 transportation business | | forwarding business | | carrying trade

运输代理人 a forwarding agent

承运人 a freight agent | | a carrier

船务代理人 a shipping agent

陆上运输 transportation by land

海上运输 transportation by sea

货物运输 goods traffic | | freight traffic | | carriage of freights | | carriage of goods

货轮 cargo boat | | freighter | | cargo steamer | | cargo carrier

火车 goods-train | | freight-train

卡车 goods-van | | goods wagon | | freight car | | truck

货运办公室 goods-office | | freight-department

运费率 freight | | freight rates | | goods rate

运费 carriage charges | | shipping expenses | | express charges

车费 cartage | | portage

运费预付 carriage prepaid | | carriage paid

运费到付 carriage forward | | freight collect

运费免除||免费 carriage free

协定运费 conference freight | | freight rate

运费清单 freight account

托运单 way-bill | | invoice

运送契约 contract for carriage

装运 shipment | | loading

装上货轮 to ship | | to load | | to take on a ship

装运费 shipping charges | | shipping commission

装运单||载货单 shipping invoice

装运单据 shipping documents

大副收据 mate's receipt

装船单 shipping order

提货单 delivery order

装船通知 shipping advice

包裹收据 parcel receipt

准装货单 shipping permit

租船契约 charter party

租船人 charterer

程租船||航次租赁 voyage charter

期租船 time charter

允许装卸时间 lay days | | laying days

工作日 working days

连续天数 running days | | consecutive days

滞期费 demurrage

滞期日数 demurrage days

速遣费 despatch money

空舱费 dead freight

退关 short shipment | | goods short shipped | | goods shut out | | shut-outs

赔偿保证书(信托收据) letter of indemnity | | trust receipt

装载 loading

卸货 unloading | | discharging | | landing

装运重量 shipping weight | | in-take-weight

卸货重量 landing weight

压舱 ballasting

压舱货 in ballast

舱单 manifest

船泊登记证书 ship's certificate of registry

航海日记 ship's log

船员名册 muster-roll

（船员，乘客）健康证明 bill of health

光票 clean bill

不清洁提单 foul bill

有疑问提单 suspected bill

公司　　　　　　　            简称　　　 缩写
澳大利亚国家航运公司    澳国航运 　anl
美国总统轮船私人有限公司  美国总统 　apl
邦拿美船务有限公司  邦拿美  bnml
波罗的海航运公司  波罗的海  bol
中波轮船股份公司  中波  c-p
南美邮船公司    南美邮船  clan s.a.
南美智利国家航运公司    智利航运  ccni
中日国际轮渡有限公司  中日轮渡  chinjif
天敬海运  天敬海运  ck
法国达飞轮船公司  达飞轮船  cma
京汉海运有限公司  京汉海运  co-heung
中国远洋集装箱运输有限公司  中远集运  cosco
朝阳商船有限公司  朝阳商船  choyang
达贸国际轮船公司  达贸国际  delimas
德国胜利航运公司  德国胜利  senator
埃及国际轮船公司  埃及船务  eil
长荣海运股份有限公司  长荣海运  evergreen
远东轮船公司  远东轮船  fesco
金发船务有限公司  金发船务  gfng
浩洲船务公司  浩洲船务  hcsc
韩进海运有限公司  韩进海运  hanjin
香港航运有限公司  香港海运  hkmsh
香港明华船务有限公司  香港明华  hkmw
赫伯罗特船务有限公司  赫伯罗特  happag-lloyd
现代商船有限公司  现代商船  hyundai
上海海隆轮船有限公司  海隆轮船  hnt
金华航运有限公司  金华航运  jh
川崎汽船株式会社  川崎汽船  k line
高丽海运株氏会社  高丽海运  kmtc
七星轮船有限公司  七星轮船  sscl
上海育海航运公司  育海航运  syh
上海中福轮船公司  中福轮船  szfsc
墨西哥航运有限公司  墨西哥航运  tmm
上海天海货运有限公司  天海货运  tmsc
东航船务有限公司  东航船务  toho
宁波泛洋船务有限公司  宁波泛洋  tos
阿拉伯联合国家轮船公司  阿拉伯轮船  uasc
立荣海运股份有限公司  立荣海运  uniglory
环球船务有限公司 v环球船务  uniwd
万海航运股份有限公司  万海航运  wanhai
伟航船务有限公司  伟航船务  wh
阳明海运股份有限公司  阳明海运  yangming
以星轮船船务有限公司  以星轮船  zim
浙江远洋运输公司  浙江远洋  zosco
联丰船务有限公司  联丰船务  lifen
意大利邮船公司  意大利邮船  lt
马来西亚国际航运有限公司  马来西亚航运  misc
商船三井有限公司  商船三井  mol
地中海航运公司  地中海航运  msc
马士基海陆有限公司  马士基海陆  maersk sealand
民生神原海运有限公司  民生神原  mskm
太古船务代理有限公司  太古船代  ngpl
铁行渣华船务有限公司  铁行渣华  p&o nedlloyd
新加坡海皇轮船有限公司 v海皇轮船  nol
北欧亚航运有限公司 v北欧亚航运  norasia
宁波远洋运输公司  宁波远洋  nosco
南星海运株式会社  南星海运  ns
沙特阿拉伯国家航运公司  沙特航运  nscsa
日本邮船有限公司  日本邮船  nyk
东方海外货柜航运有限公司  东方海外  oocl
萨姆达拉船务有限公司  萨姆达拉  samudera
太平船务有限公司  太平船务  pil
泛洋商船株式会社  洋商船  pobu
瑞克麦斯轮船公司  瑞克麦斯  rickmers
美商海陆联运（中国）有限公司 v美商海陆 vs/l
南非国家轮船有限公司  南非轮船  saf
东映海运有限公司  东映海运  sbl
上海国际轮渡有限公司  国际轮渡  sfco
中海发展股份有限公司  中海发展  csd
长锦有限公司  长锦公司  sinko
上海市锦江航运有限公司  锦江船代  jinjiang
中外运（集团）总公司  中外运  sinotrans
志晓船务有限公司  志晓船务  ssc

外贸常用词汇 
出口信贷 export credit

出口津贴 export subsidy

商品倾销 dumping

外汇倾销 exchange dumping

优惠关税 special preferences

保税仓库 bonded warehouse

贸易顺差 favorable balance of trade

贸易逆差 unfavorable balance of trade

进口配额制 import quotas

自由贸易区 free trade zone

对外贸易值 value of foreign trade

国际贸易值 value of international trade

普遍优惠制 generalized system of preferences-gsp

最惠国待遇 most-favored nation treatment-mfnt

your t-shirts can find a ready market in the eastern part of our country.
贵国的t恤在我国东部市场很畅销。
we all understand that chinese shippers are very popular in your market on account of their superior quality and competitive price.
我们都知道中国拖鞋因价廉物美而畅销于你方市场。
this product has been a best seller for nearly one year.
该货成为畅销货已经将近1年了。
there is a good market for these articles.
这些商品畅销。
there is a poor market for these articles.
这些商品滞销。
there is no market for these articles.
这些商品无销路。
your bicycles find a ready market here.
你们的自行车在此地销路很好。
they talked over at great length the matter of how to increase the sale of your products.
他们详细地讨论了怎样增加你方产品的销售。
please furnish us with more information from time to time so that we may find outlets for our stationery.
由于对此货物的需求将不断增加，请提前补充货源。
they are doing their utmost to open up an outlet.
他们正在尽最大努力以打开销路。
our demand for this product is steadily on the increase.
我们对该产品的需求正在稳步地增长。
we are sure that you can sell more this year according to the marketing conditions at your end.
根据你地的市场情况，我们确信今年你们有望销得更好。
packing has a close bearing on sales.
包装对产品的销路有很大关系。
we are trying to find a market for this article.
我们正在努力为此项商品找销路。
we regret we cannot find any market for this article.
我们很抱歉不能为此项商品找到销路。
according to our experience, these handicrafts can find a ready market in japan.
根据我们的经验，这些手工艺品在日本销路很好。
we can discuss further details when you have a thorough knowledge of the marketing possibilities of our products.
等你们全面了解我们产品销售可能性之后，我们再进一步细谈。
according to your estimate, what is the maximum annual turnover you could fulfill?
据你估计，你能完成的最大年销售量是多少呢？
the market situation is not known to us.
我们还不了解市场情况。
your market still has great potential.
你们的市场仍有很大潜力。
there are only a few unsold pieces.
只有几件商品未售出。

words and phrases

salable 畅销的
popular 有销路的
find a market 销售
selling line 销路
trial sale, test sale, test market 试销
salable goods 畅销货
popular goods 快货
the best selling line (the best seller) 热门货
to find (have) a ready market 有销路，畅销
to have a strong footing in a market 很有销路
good market 畅销
poor(no) market 滞销
goods that sell well 畅销货
sell like wild fire 畅销，销得很快

合同.contract| 
we'll have the contract ready for signature.
我们应准备好合同待签字。
we signed a contract for medicines.
我们签订了一份药品合同。
mr. zhang sings the contract on behalf of the china national silk import & export corporation.
张先生代表中国丝绸进出口总公司在合同上签了字。
a japanese company and sinochem have entered into a new contract.
中国化工进出口总公司已经和日本一家公司签订了一份新合同。
it was because of you that we landed the contract.
因为有了你，我们才签了那份合同。
we offered a much lower price, so they got the contract.
由于我们报价低，他们和我们签了合同。
are we anywhere near a contract yet?
我们可以（接近于）签合同了吗？
we sign a contract when we are acting as principals.("principals" refers to the "seller" and the "buyer")
当我们作为货主时都要签订合同。（这里的“货主”指合同中的卖方和买方）
i know we (the seller) should draw up a contract and the buyer has to sign it.
我们知道我们（卖方）应该拟出一份合同，买方必须签署合同。
we should simultaneously sign two contracts, one sales contract for beef and mutton, and the other contract of equal value for the purchase of cotton.
我们同时签两个合同，一是牛羊肉的销售（出口）合同，另一个是等额的棉花购买（进口）合同。
we both want to sign a contract, and we have to make some concessions to do it.
我们俩都想要签署一份契约，而且我们必须作出做它的一些让步。
we are here to discuss a new contract with you.
我们来这里和您谈谈订一份新合同的问题。
our current contract is about to expire, and we'll need to discuss a new one.
欧文们现有合同快要期满了，需要再谈一个新合同。
we can repeat the contract on the same terms.
我们可以按同样条件再订一个合同。
a few problems with supply under the old contract must be quickly resolved.
老合同中的一些供货问题必须尽快解决。
we ought to clear up problems arising from the old contract.
我们应该清理一下老合同中出现的问题。
do you always make out a contract for every deal?
每笔交易都需要订一份合同吗？
as per the contract, the construction of factory is now under way.
根据合同规定，工厂的建设正在进行中。
　
words and phrases

contract 合同，订立合同
contractor 订约人，承包人
contractual 合同的，契约的
to make a contract 签订合同
to place a contract 订合同
to enter into a contract 订合同
to sign a contract 签合同
to draw up a contract 拟订合同
to draft a contract 起草合同
to get a contract 得到合同
to land a contract 得到（拥有）合同
to countersign a contract 会签合同
to repeat a contract 重复合同
an executory contract 尚待执行的合同
a nice fat contract 一个很有利的合同
originals of the contract 合同正本
copies of the contract 合同副本
a written contract 书面合同
to make some concession 做某些让步

英语船务术语简缩语 
(1)fca (free carrier) 货交承运人

(2)fas (free alongside ship) 装运港船边交货

(3)fob (free on board) 装运港船上交货

(4)cfr (cost and freight) 成本加运费

(5)cif (cost,insurance and freight) 成本、保险费加运费

(6)cpt (carriage paid to) 运费付至目的地

(7)cip (carriage and insurance paid to) 运费、保险费付至目的地

(8)daf (delivered at frontier) 边境交货

(9)des (delivered ex ship) 目的港船上交货

(10)deq (delivered ex quay) 目的港码头交货

(11)ddu (delivered duty unpaid) 未完税交货

(12)ddp (delivered duty paid) 完税后交货

主要船务术语简写：

(1)orc (origen recevie charges) 本地收货费用（广东省收取）

(2)thc (terminal handling charges) 码头操作费（香港收取）

(3)baf (bunker adjustment factor) 燃油附加费

(4)caf (currency adjustment factor) 货币贬值附加费

(5)yas (yard surcharges)码头附加费

(6)eps (equipment position surcharges) 设备位置附加费

(7)ddc (destination delivery charges) 目的港交货费

(8)pss (peak season sucharges) 旺季附加费

(9)pcs (port congestion surcharge) 港口拥挤附加费

(10)doc (document charges) 文件费

(11)o/f (ocean freight) 海运费

(12)b/l (bill of lading) 海运提单

(13)mb/l(master bill of lading) 船东单

(14)mtd (multimodal transport document) 多式联运单据

(15)l/c (letter of credit) 信用证

(16)c/o (certificate of origin) 产地证

(17)s/c (sales confirmation)销售确认书（sales contract) 销售合同

(18)s/o (shipping order)装货指示书

(19)w/t (weight ton)重量吨（即货物收费以重量计费）

(20)m/t (measurement ton)尺码吨（即货物收费以尺码计费）

(21)w/m(weight or measurement ton)即以重量吨或者尺码吨中从高收费

(22)cy (container yard) 集装箱（货柜）堆场

(23)fcl (full container load) 整箱货

(24)lcl (less than container load) 拼箱货（散货）

(25)cfs (container freight station) 集装箱货运站

(26)teu (twenty-feet equivalent units) 20英尺换算单位（用来计算货柜量的多少）

(27)a/w (all water)全水路（主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式）

(28)mlb(mini land bridge) 迷你大陆桥（主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式）

(29)nvocc(non-vessel operating common carrier) 无船承运人

what risks is the people's insurance company of china able to cover?
中国人民保险公司承保的险别有哪些？
what risks should be covered?
您看应该保哪些险？
what kind of insurance are you able to provide for my consignment?
贵公司能为我的这批货保哪些险呢？
it's better for you to can the leaflet, and then make a decision.
你最好先看看说明书，再决定保什么险。
these kinds of risks suit your consignment.
这些险别适合你要投保的货物。
may i ask what exactly insurance covers according to your usual c.i.f terms?
请问根据你们常用的cif价格条件，所保的究竟包括哪些险别？
it 's important for you to read the "fine print" in any insurance policy so that you know what kind of coverage you are buying.
阅读保险单上的“细则”对你是十分重要的，这样就能知道你要买的保险包括哪些项目。

words and phrases

picc (people's insurance company of china) 中国人民保险公司
risk insured, risk covered 承保险项
risk 险别
to provide the insurance 为……提供保险
leaflet 说明书
fine print 细则


what is the insurance premium?
保险费是多少？
the premium is to be calculated in this way.
保险费是这样计算的。
the total premium is 800 u.s. dollars.
保险费总共是800美圆。
the cover paid for will vary according to the type of goods and the circumstances.
保险费用按照货物类别的具体情况会有所不同。
the rates quoted by us are very moderate. of course, the premium varies with the range of insurance.
我们所收取的费率是很有限的，当然，保险费用要根据投保范围的大小而有所不同。
according to co-insurance clauses, the insured person must pay usually 20 percent of the total expenses covered.
根据共同保险条款，保险人通常必须付全部费用的百分之二十。
the insurance rate for such kink of risk will vary according to the kind.
这类险别的保险费率将根据货物种类而定。
insurance brokers will quote rates for all types of cargo and risks.
保险经纪人会开出承保各类货物的各种险别的费用。
can you give me an insurance rate?
您能给我一份保险率表吗？
could you find out the premium rate for porcelain?
您能查一下瓷器的保险费率吗？
you should study not only the benefits but also the terms and limitations of an insurance agreement that appears best suited to your needs.
你不仅要研究各种保险所标明的给予保险人的赔偿费用，还要研究它的条件与限制，然后选出最适合你需要的一种。
　
words and phrases

insurance expense 保险费
premium rate 保险费率
premium 保险费
insurance rate 保险费率表
insurance proceeds 保险金（保险收入）

we want to develop direct contact with continental buyers for ourselves.

我们想为自己的公司同欧洲大陆的买主建立起直接的联系。

we see that your firm specializes in light industrial goods, and we are willing to establish business relationship with you.

得知贵公司专门经营轻工业品，我们愿意与贵公司建立业务关系。

we are one of the largest importers of electric goods in this city, and we wish to establish business relationship with you.

我们是此地最大的电器进口商之一，愿意与你们建立业务关系。

we are willing to enter into business relationship with your company on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.

我们愿在平等互利的基础上与贵公司建立业务关系。

our two countries have had trade relations for ten years.

我们两国之间已经有了10年的贸易关系。

we've never had any difficulties with our chinese partners, and we'd like to make as many new contacts as we can.

和中国同行共事从来没有什么困难，希望今后我们之间尽可能多地建立新的关系。

we have made a very good start in our business with japan.

我们和日本在业务上有了良好的开端。

our company is thinking of expanding its business relationship with china.

我公司想扩大与中国的贸易关系。

as is known, we set great store by the trade relationship with the third world countries.

众所周知，我们十分重视同第三世界国家的贸易关系。

we look forward to reactivating our business relationship.

我们盼望我们的业务关系重新活跃起来。

we shall welcome a chance to renew our friendly relationship.

很高兴能有机会来恢复我们的友好关系。

we'll try our best to widen our business relationship with you.

我们将尽力扩大同你们的贸易关系。

we're writing you in order to establish business relationship.

我们写此信是为了与你方建立业务关系。

the arrangement will contribute to cement our pleasant relationship.

此项安排将有助于巩固我们良好的关系。

we're willing to restore our business relationship.

我们希望能恢复贸易关系。

it will be advantageous if steps are taken to resume our business relationship on the basis of mutual benefit.

如果我们采取措施在互利的基础上恢复业务关系，对我们都是有利的。

the depressed market results in the stagnation of trade.

市场萧条导致贸易停滞。

we have been doing quite well in our business, we are willing to open an account with you.

我们的生意一直做得不错，希望能与你们建立帐户往来关系。


words and phrases

business association 业务联系，交往

business connection 业务联系

close relationship 密切的关系

closer ties 更密切的关系

to establish(enter into, set up)business relationship 建立业务关系

to continue business relationship 继续业务关系

to present business relationship 保持业务关系

to improve business relationship 改善业务关系

to promote business relationship 促进业务关系

to speed up business relationship 加快业务关系的发展

to enlarge (widen) business relationship 扩大业务关系

to restore (resume) business relationship 恢复业务关系

to interrupt business relationship 中断业务关系

to cement business relationship 巩固业务关系

can we do a barter trade?

咱们能不能做一笔易货贸易呢？

is it still a direct barter trade?

这还算是一种直接的易货贸易吗？

if you agree to our proposal of a barter trade, we'll give you paper in exchange for your timber.

如果你方同意我们进行易货贸易的建议，我们将用纸与你们交换木材。

shall we sign a triangle trade agreement?

我们订一个三角贸易协议好吗？

a triangle trade can be carried out among the three of us.

我们三方可进行三角贸易。

compensation trade is, in fact, a kind of loan.

补偿贸易实际上是一种信贷。

we may agree to do processing trade with you.

我们同意与你们进行来料加工贸易。

if you're interested in leasing trade, please let us know.

如果你们有意做租赁贸易，请告诉我们。

we wonder whether you do counter trade.

我们不知道你们是否做抵偿贸易。


words and phrases

trade by commodities 商品贸易

visible trade 有形贸易

invisible trade 无形贸易

barter trade 易货贸易

bilateral trade 双边贸易

triangle trade 三角贸易

multilateral trade 多边贸易

counter trade 对销贸易；抵偿贸易

counter purchase 互购贸易

buy-back 回购贸易

compensation trade 补偿贸易

processing trade 来料加工贸易

assembling trade 来料装配贸易

leasing trade 租赁贸易

in exchange for 用……交换……

trade agreement 贸易协议

they mainly trade with japanese firms.

他们主要和日本商行进行贸易。

for the past five years, we have done a lot of trade with your company.

在过去的五年中，我们与贵国进行了大量的贸易。

our trade is conducted on the basis of equality.

我们是在平等的基础上进行贸易。

there has been a slowdown in the wool trade with you.

和你们的羊毛贸易已有所减少。

our foreign trade is continuously expanding.

我们的对外贸易不断发展。

trade in leather has gone up (down) 3%.

皮革贸易上升（下降）了百分之三。

trade in general is improving.

贸易情况正在好转。

our company mainly trades in arts and crafts.

我们公司主要经营手工艺品。

they are well-known in trade circles.

他们在贸易界很有名望。

we trade with people in all countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.

我们在平等互利的基础上和各国人民进行贸易。

to respect the local custom of the buying country is one important aspect of china's foreign policy.

尊重买方国家的风俗习惯是我国贸易政策的一个重要方面。

our purpose is to explore the possibilities of developing trade with you.

我们的目的是和你们探讨一下发展贸易的可能性。


words and phrases

foreign trade 对外贸易

overseas trade 海外贸易

international trade 国际贸易

to trade with 和……进行贸易

to do business in a moderate way 做生意稳重

to do business in a sincere way 做生意诚恳

to make a deal 做一笔交易

deal 交易，经营，处理，与……交往

to deal in 经营，做生意

to explore the possibilities of 探讨……的可能性

trade circles 贸易界

to handle 经营某商品

to trade in 经营某商品

business scope/frame 经营范围

trading firm/house 贸易行，商行

回复:佣金.Commission
the commission has been increased to 5% in your favour.
贵方佣金已增至百分之五。
you can grant us an extra commission of 2% to cover the additional risk.
你们可以获得另外百分之二的佣金，以补偿你受的额外风险。
we'll get 0.5% more in commission for our effort.
经过努力，我们可以多谋到百分之零点五的佣金。
for every additional 10 pieces of pianos sold, we'll give you 0.2% more commission.
每笔交易若能多卖出10架钢琴，你们可以多得百分之零点二的佣金。
we can't agree to increase the rate of commission.
我们不能同意增加佣金率。
a 5% commission means an increase in our price.
百分之五的佣金就等于价格提高了。
a higher commission means a higher price.
如果佣金提高了，价格也要提高。
a 4% commission is the maximum.
我们最多给百分之四的佣金。
is it possible to increase the commission to 4%?
能不能把佣金提高到百分之四呢？
even a 6% commission is not high.
甚至百分之六的佣金都不算高。
2% commission is not enough, is it?
百分之二的佣金是不是少了点？
the present commission isn't enough.
现有的佣金不够。
there are three items of commission left unpaid.
只剩三笔交易的佣金未付。
　
additional words and phrases

commissions earned 佣金收入
commissions received in advance 预收佣金
commission for collection 代收帐款佣金
commission insurance 佣金保险
commission system 佣金制
commission agency 代理贸易
selling commission 代销佣金
buying commission 代购佣金

回复:外贸中常见英文缩略词|
1 c&f (cost&freight)成本加运费价

　　2 t/t (telegraphic transfer)电汇

　　3 d/p (document against payment)付款交单

　　4 d/a (document against acceptance)承兑交单

　　5 c.o (certificate of origin)一般原产地证

　　6 g.s.p. (generalized system of preferences)普惠制

　　7 ctn/ctns (carton/cartons)纸箱

　　8 pce/pcs (piece/pieces)只、的个、的支等

　　9 dl/dls (dollar/dollars)美元

　　10 doz/dz (dozen)一打

　　11 pkg (package)一包，一捆，一扎，一件等

　　12 wt (weight)重量

　　13 g.w. (gross weight)毛重

　　14 n.w. (net weight)净重

　　15 c/d (customs declaration)报关单

　　16 ea (each)每个，各

　　17 w (with)具有

　　18 w/o (without)没有

　　19 fac (facsimile)传真

　　20 imp (import)进口

　　21 exp (export)出口

　　22 max (maximum)最大的、的最大限度的

　　23 min (minimum)最小的，最低限度

　　24 m 或med (medium)中等，中级的

　　25 m/v (merchant vessel)商船

　　26 s.s (steamship)船运

　　27 mt或m/t (metric ton)公吨

　　28 doc (document)文件、的单据

　　29 int (international)国际的

　　30 p/l (packing list)装箱单、的明细表

　　31 inv (invoice)发票

　　32 pct (percent)百分比

　　33 ref (reference)参考、的查价

　　34 ems (express mail special)特快传递

　　35 stl. (style)式样、的款式、的类型

　　36 t或ltx或tx(telex)电传

　　37 rmb (renminbi)人民币

　　38 s/m (shipping marks)装船标记

　　39 pr或prc (price) 价格

　　40 pur (purchase)购买、的购货

　　41 s/c (sales contract)销售确认书

　　42 l/c (letter of credit)信用证

　　43 b/l (bill of lading)提单

　　44 fob (free on board)离岸价

　　45 cif (cost,insurance&freight)成本、的保险加运费价

　　补充：

　　cr=credit贷方，债主

　　dr=debt借贷方

　　（注意：国外常说的debt card，就是银行卡，credit card就是信誉卡。这里都是指银行和财务公司说的，你的银行卡，是你将钱放入银行，银行是“借贷方”，所以叫做debt卡。用credit卡，是你从银行或者财政公司借钱，银行或公司是“贷方”，所就叫credit。）

　　exp=expense花费，费用

　　o/h=overhead常用开支

　　tc=total cost总费用

　　fc=fixed cost常设费用

　　vc=variable cost变动费用

　　p=profit竟利润

　　s=sales销售总额

　　rev=revenue利润

　　mc=marginal cost费用差额

　　gm=gross margin毛利

　　mr=marginal revenue利润差额

　　a/r=acount receivable待收款（销售后，记账以后收取。）

　　a/p=account payable代付费（花费后记账，以后付费。）

　　pmt=payment支付款

　　n/i=net income纯收入

　　amt=amount数额

　　dct=discount打折

回复:国际贸易指南(中英对照）
guide to international trade
国际贸易指南

while the terms of sale in international business often sound similar to those commonly used in domestic contracts, they often have different meanings. confusion over these terms can result in a lost sale or a financial loss on a sale. thus, it is essential that you understand what terms you are agreeing to before you finalize a contract.

虽然在国际商务中所使用的销售条件和国内合同中通常所用的销售条件听起来很相似，但是它们的含义往往不同。混淆这些条件可能会丧失销售机会或者导致销售出现经济损失。因此，在敲定合同之前，理解你所用意的条件是至关重要的。

incoterms 2000
by the 1920s, commercial traders developed a set of trade terms to describe their rights and liabilities with regard to the sale and transport of goods. these trade terms consisted of short abbreviations for lengthy contract provisions. unfortunately, there was no uniform interpretation of them in all countries, and therefore misunderstandings often arose in cross-border transactions.
to improve this aspect of international trade, the international chamber of commerce (icc) in paris developed incoterms (international commercial terms), a set of uniform rules or the interpretation of international commercial terms defining the costs, risks, and obligations of buyers and sellers in international transactions. first published in 1936, these rules have been periodically revised to account for changing modes of transport and document delivery. the current version is incoterms 2000.

《国际贸易术语解释通则2000》
20世纪20年代，商人们开发了一套用于说明他们在货物销售和运输中权利和义务的贸易术语。这些贸易术语由代表冗长合同条款的简短缩写构成。不幸的是，这些术语在不同的国家没有同意的解释，因此，在跨国境贸易中，常常出现误解。
为了对国际贸易的这一领域进行改进，设在巴黎的国际商会（icc）开发了一套用于解释确定国交仪中买卖双方费用、风险和责任的统一规则——国际贸易术语解释通则。该通则初版于1936，定期进行修订以反映运输和单据交付方式的变化。现行的版本为《国际贸易术语解释通则2000》。

use of incoterms
incoterms are not implied into contracts for the sale of goods. if you desire to use incoterms, you must specifically include them in your contract. further, your contract should expressly refer to the rules of interpretation as defined in the latest revision of incoterms, for example, incoterms 2000, and you should ensure the proper application of the terms by additional contract provisions. also, incoterms are not 'laws'. in case of a dispute, courts and arbitrators will look at: 1) the sales contract, 2) who has possession of the goods, and 3) what payment, if any, has been made. see international contracts, also by world trade press.

《国际贸易术语解释通则》的使用
国际贸易术语解释通则并非暗含在货物销售合同中。如果想采用国际贸易术语解释通则，必须特地将其写进合同中。而且合同应该明确援引国际贸易术语解释通则的最新修订本，如《国际贸易术语解释通则 2000》中确定的解释规则。此外，还应该通过附加的合同条款确保这些术语的正确应用。而且，国际贸易术语解释通则不是“法律”。当出现纠纷时，法院和仲裁机构将考察：（1）销售合同；（2）谁拥有货物；（3）如果有的话，进行了哪些支付。参见世界贸易出版社出版的《国际贸易》一书。

illustrated guide to incoterms
this guide was designed to give a graphic representation of the buyer's and seller's risks and costs under each incoterm. the material on each facing page gives a summary of seller and buyer responsibilities.

《国际贸易术语解释通则》图解指南
本指南旨在给出每个贸易术语下买卖双方风险和费用的图解说明。每页上的材料概括了买卖双方的责任。
【说明】原书内容有图解说明，但由于文档制作和论坛结构问题，省略图解，稍微影响对内容的深入理解，但不会造成大的妨碍。